About Black Hole
The first image of any black hole.
A Black hole is a region of spacetime where the gravitational force is too strong, nothing can pass or escape from the black, electromagnetic waves or even light cannot escape from a black hole. A black hole pulls everything which tries to pass the event horizon.
A Black Hole is one of the most mysterious things in space which is something more than Dark. Black holes are quite dense.
Black holes do not suck things, as done in Vaccum cleaners; Black holes gravity is so strong that it pulls everything.
A black hole is so powerful that it can pull planets or even stars in it easily. They are so huge bodies in space.
There are about 10 million to 10 billion black holes in the Milky Way alone, there is not any fixed number for the black holes they can be only estimated now.
The great worldwide known scientist Albert Einstein predicted the presence of black hole In our Galaxy in 1916 through his General Theory of Relativity.
The first-ever black hole discovered was Cygnus X-1
in 1964 by Stephen hawking which is 6197 light-years far from the Earth. Scientist believes that every Galaxy in the universe contain a supermassive black hole in the centre of that galaxy like in our galaxy Milky Way we have Sagittarius A, black hole in the centre of the Milky Way.
Cygnus X-1
Event Horizon
Event horizon can be defined as the boundaries of any black hole where nothing can pass. If anything tries to pass the event horizon then the object can’t be observed after that.
At the event horizon, the escape velocity is as much as the speed of light.
Can we see a Black Hole?
The simple answer is no, we cannot directly observe a black hole because they do not emit or reflect any light, to be seen by our naked eyes. Scientists observe the presence of black hole by the effects going nearby them. It is surrounded by various gas compositions.
Astronomers use an Ultraviolet telescope to see a black hole which makes the light visible in the type of electromagnetic radiation which is visible to our eyes.
Types of black hole-
There are three types of black hole:
- Stellar Black Hole
- Supermassive Black Hole
- Intermediate Black Hole
Stellar Black Hole: They are considered as the small-sized known black holes, which are 20 times greater than the mass of the sun which. This form due to the death of stars in the space where star collapse under its own weight at the centre. The formation is observed as a gamma-ray burst or hypernova explosion. Stellar black holes are also known as collapsars.
Supermassive Black Hole: These are a kind of black holes which are known to be the largest black holes ever formed in space. It has been suggested that supermassive black holes formed due to the collapse of various giant clouds in space billions of years ago at the time of the formation of the galaxies. These black holes can be too huge beyond our imagination. It is almost found in every galaxy in the universe, Our galaxy Milky Way has a supermassive black hole (Sagittarius A).
The estimated radius of Sagittarius A is about 22 million km and has a distance of 25,640 light-years from the Earth
.
Sagittarius A was discovered on 13 February 1974.
Intermediate black hole: These black holes fall between stellar and supermassive black holes. They are medium-sized black holes in space, and they are predicted to become a supermassive black hole In the future. They are bigger from stellar black holes and are smaller from the supermassive black holes. These black holes weigh in at between 100 to 10,000 solar mass. No single could ever form an intermediate black hole.
Formation of black hole:
Black holes form when massive stars began to collapse at the end of their life cycle. When any such star ends up his internal thermonuclear fuel at its core the gravitationally collapse itself inwards and a huge amount of matter is stored in a tiny space which is known to be singularity.
When a star dies it results in a massive blast called Supernova, in the space releasing various gases and the remain get swallowed by the black hole formed by that star. The huge amount of gravitational force gets stored at a single place which results in the darkness of a black hole.
The formed black hole compresses the dying star to a point of zero volume and infinite density.
(Scientist simply believe that when the matter of any massive star, if compressed in itself, as a large amount of matter is compressed to a very small space then it will form singularity at the bottom and the gravitational will increase and no light can escape from the gravitational force of that black hole. If our Earth gets compressed to the size of New York city then it will form a black hole.)
Supernova
A supernova is the biggest blast of a star in space reflecting extremely bright light. The explosion took place at the time of the dying star which collapses the star into several pieces.
The explosion of massive stars burn a huge amount of nuclear fuel at the core and producing tons of energy in space. The blast creates a very strong and powerful light in the galaxies which can light up for many days or months.
Supernova
Can we see a Supernova?
It is quite difficult to observe a supernova in our galaxy Milky Way because the enormous amount of dust particles present in our galaxy disturbs the view. But they can be seen in other galaxies.
In 1604 a German astronomer Johannes Kepler discovered the last observed supernova in the Milky Way. NASA’s Chandra Telescope also discovered a supernova in the Milky Way.
What happens if we fall into a black hole?
If you fall In a black hole so as you cross the event horizon your speed will increase too fast then there will be no escape for you the black hole will engulf you.
If you fall with heads up and legs down the gravitational force of a black hole will start to take your body down you will soon reach the speed of light your body will stretch like a piece of any rubber, matter of the body will start to separate and finally before reaching the singularity you will die.
7 Facts about black hole:
- Black hole distort space and time around them.
- There are billions of black hole and galaxies to be counted.
- Supermassive black holes also give birth to stars.
- Our sun can never become a black hole, only the stars which are 15 to 20 times bigger than the sun could become a black hole.
- There is one theory that if something falls in a black hole then it is trapped but if something is fall in the wormhole then it could be transferred to any other side.
- Wormholes have greater mass than black holes.
- It is believed that wormholes connect two spacetime in space and can create the possibilities of time travel.
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